SETBACK DISTANCES IN THE INTERACTION BETWEEN HISTORICAL AND NEW BUILDINGS IN HISTORICAL CITIES: OMM MUSEUM

Abstract

The design of new buildings in historical cities is an important area of debate and study in the field
of architecture. The interaction between all buildings built during the historical process forms one
of the fundamental foundations of this area of discussion. This interaction, in turn, produces unity
between buildings. Newly designed buildings that fit into the historical fabric of a city become an
integral part of that city. They also exert a direct influence on the totality. When speaking of the
totality of a historical city, all currently existing buildings are included. In this context, it is critical
that there be strong interaction and controlled cohesion between historical and new buildings. This
unity can be achieved by studying the interaction between buildings from different thematic points
of view. The hypothesis of this research is that the interaction between buildings, setback distances,
the boundaries of building proximity, the distances between buildings, and their proximity are
directly related. This research addresses the concept of setback distances, building proximity
boundaries, which has received less attention in the existing literature. In this research, the
Odunpazarı Modern Museum (OMM) in Eskişehir, Turkey, was investigated. The reasons for
selecting this building include "demonstrating a unique perspective among examples of new
structures designed in historical Turkish cities," "establishing distinct relationships and interactions
with historical buildings located in the southeast and northwest in relation to the boundaries of
building proximity and through various forms of interaction" and "the changes in interactions due to
the changes in the boundaries of proximity resulting from the demolition of buildings over time".
The research conducted highlights that setback distances play a direct role in the interaction
between newly designed structures in historical cities and existing historical buildings. This
interaction can lead to either positive or negative outcomes. Therefore, this context emphasizes the
importance of accurately determining in advance the boundaries and spacing between buildings in
areas where new architectural designs are to be located in order to avoid damage to the surrounding
area and other structures. In order to ensure the preservation of the various values and allow
controlled relationships that prevent their erosion, it is recommended that the relevant institutions
carry out their work in accordance with these principles and take appropriate measures to create a
well-structured interaction.