Abstract
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WITH ECONOMIC GROWTH RELATIONS IN TURKEY; SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
ABSTRACT
Today, technology has changed very rapidly, technological innovations and the thought of investing has become very important to people. Arguments such as technology change, R & D, innovation, patent amount are confronted in empirical studies on growth models as a driving force of economic growth and in practice.
To be evaluated by many economists, the argument is the idea of "investing in technological innovations and people." For this purpose, it is aimed to increase the economic growth of this country by activating the knowledge, manners, talents and skills of a large number of people. Countries should aim at raising precious sons of national and moral values that can be productive in science and technological field while raising their people. Being a "science and technology country" is considered as a target policy and projections should be formed accordingly. The world is growing at such a speed today that we will experience progress in the twenty-first century, no progress of about 100 years of technological progress, progress of about 20,000 years, or progression of 1000 times of progress in the twentieth century. Technology also accelerates the pace of innovation, now doubles every 10 years. The "information economy" is the most important strategic information in the new era, with the information capital being found, retrieved, analyzed and evaluated, its use integrated into the production systems, the information included in the technology and innovation processes and the creation of its own national production system, “information economy " has become the most important strategic-economic (stratekon) material of the new era. Technological development and innovation process enables the development of a macroeconomic level of economic growth and a level of prosperity while at the microeconomic level institutions and firms are increasingly benefiting from market economies and benefiting from economies of scale and most importantly by increasingly entering into foreign markets and increasing their global market share . In both cases, it causes long-term economic growth on the economy. There is an urgent need for the establishment of the "National Information Storage and Production System" (MIBIDUS), which will provide the acquisition, use and development of information.
In this study was carried out in econometric tests, and the Unit Root Tests, Granger Causality Test and Stepwise Regression Test were performed for the variables. To give the results obtained from Granger causality test; A bi-directional relationship from GNP to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been identified. There is a positive relationship between them. A one-way positive relationship from R & D (research & development) spending to GNP has been detected. Again, a one-way positive correlation from the number of patents to GNP has been found. There is a one-way positive and significant relationship from GNP to the number of scientific publications (bilyayno). There is a causal relationship from FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) to R & D. The relationship between them is positive. There is a bidirectional, meaningful and positive relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the number of patents. According to the Stepwise Regression Test analysis, a 1% increase in GDP led to an increase of 1.20% over FDI, while a rise of 0.65% in R & D spending resulted in the actual increase being effective on the patent. The increase in the number of patents caused a 2.68% increase. A 1% increase in GNP, 12.54% increase in Bilyayno.
Keywords
Key Words: Economic Growth, Technology, Science, Research & Development, Innovation, Patent, Foreign Direct Investments, GDP, Unit Root Tests, Granger Causality Tests, Stepwise Regression Test.
